Déléguer l’autorité au système ? L’extériorisation de la fonction judiciaire et le dé-agencement des juges

Les retombées inattendues du déploiement de l’intelligence artificielle en justice

Abstract

       The ecosystem in which the courts operate has evolved particularly abruptly since 2020, moving from a culture favoring “paper format” to an unstructured “marriage of convenience” with private intermediaries, on which justice depends as an essential infrastructure. Courts, as democratic institutions, are spontaneously entering into unregulated partnerships with multinational companies, whose mission is to commercialize data. This, in the face of a shortage of resources and growing pressure to unclog the courts.

       Without a doubt, the rise of algorithmic predictions in justice raises a paramount concern with regard to judiciary independence, the ossification of systemic racism and the entrenchment of socio-economic inequalities. In other words, “two-tier” justice (automatized and traditional) and the proliferation of “poor man’s justice”.

       On the other hand, the uncontrolled deployment of AI risks encroaching on various laws and freezing jurisprudence in a straitjacket that in no way corresponds to the model of the living tree and contextual interpretation. Given the significant institutional and social repercussions of these invisible partnerships, this article examines the subjection of justice to private technologies from a trans-systemic (comparative) perspective. The article examines the institutional impact of the digitization of justice and the consequences of standardization and automation on the rule of law and the progressive evolution of jurisprudence.